Helping the planet

how we are slowing down global warming

We can tackle global warming by eating meat from animals managed in a way that sequesters CO2 from the atmosphere in the soil.

The facts

Correct grazing practice increases soil organic matter, i.e. soil carbon, taken as a CO2 from the atmosphere.

Our herd of cattle (150) sequesters every year emissions equivalent to lifestyle of 140 people!

So a single cow can sequester nearly as much CO2 in the soil as you produce every year.

Grasslands have been known for centuries to create astonishing depths of fertile topsoil.

The tallgrass steppes and prairies have created very fertile chernozem, black topsoil with high proportion of humus, rich in carbon.

A key factor in this process were large herds of grazing animals that were periodically grazing the grasslands. This regenerated the plants and helped decomposition and a quicker build up of carbon (via the animal’s manure).

How it works

We manage our cattle and sheep in a way they stimulate grasslands to store CO2 from the atmosphere in the soil. Our cattle are a solution to climate change.

During photosynthesis, a plant takes CO2 from the atmosphere and creates a carbon substance (sugar) to grow its body – leaves and roots.

Grazing stimulates carbon sequestration – the height of the plant above the soil corresponds to the size of the roots below the soil. Once grazed, the plant adapts to its new height. It sheds its roots and injects carbon substances in the soil to attract and feed bacteria and fungi that provide it with the right nutrients to regrow.

Grazing animals also trample plants as well as convert them into dung, a sort of pre-digested plant matter for the soil.

Dying roots and trampled grass leaves (=carbon) increase soil carbon, along with soluble carbon that the plant injects into its root zone to feed soil life.

Over time, carbon in the soil increases and forms rich fertile humus that holds water and nutrients for the plants to use.

As a result, large amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere are stored in the soil.

Does it matter how the animals have grazed the pasture?

Yes, because grassland carbon sequestration can only happen when the plant is grazed in a way that produces maximum amount of leaves and roots. It must not be overgrazed or undergrazed.

The rules

  1. The grassland needs to have a good residue of ungrazed stalks from which the regrowth happens.
  2. The grass needs to be stimulated by grazing for a short period of time, such as 1-3 days
  3. The grass needs to have enough time to recover from grazing, i.e. 5-10 weeks
  4. The pasture is managed in a way that 1/3 of it is grazed, 1/3 is trampled and 1/3 is pooed on
  5. The soil surface is nearly completely covered by vegetation so the soil cannot be affected by floods or drought which could lead to release of carbon from the soil
  6. The grassland is highly diverse and contains multitude of grass species and other plants.
Managing cattle with electric fencing

In practice...

We manage our animals with electric fencing (1 wire for cattle, 3 wires for sheep).

You’ll never see our animals in one piece of pasture for more than 3 days. They’ll not return to the same pasture until at least 5 weeks later.

These practices are called mob-grazing and Holistic planned grazing.

Restoring British countryside

How we restore damaged land to become vibrant and beautiful meadows with bees, butterflies and birds

Ready to help the planet?

Support our farming practices Whilst eating the finest meat

How our cattle are carbon negative

At a sequestering rate of 2.5 t C/ha/year​2​, our herd of 150 cattle can sequester whopping 1,404 t CO2 from the air in the soil. That is equivalent to lifestyle emissions of 140 people.

You can follow my calculations for more details:

  • 150 cattle running on 550 acres. 550 acres = 222 ha
  • Rate of sequestering is 2.5 t of C per ha​ (1)​, so that is 2.5 x 222 = 555 t C. To put this amount of carbon into an equivalent amount of CO2, we have to multiply by -3.666 (IPCC)
    555 x -3.666 = -2,034.63 t CO2 sequestered
  • The methane emissions of cattle in CO2 equivalent terms are 12.14 kg CO2/kg of beef (2)​. Our cow deadweight is about 350 kg. So 12.14 x 350 = 4.2 t CO2 per cow. We have 150 cattle, so that is 4.2 x 150 = +630 t CO2.
  • When we take away cattle’s emissions from our sequestering rate, we conclude 2,034.63 – 630 = -1,404.63 t CO2/year

This means that a beef cow from such herd sequesters -9.3 t CO2 every year. This is nearly equivalent to yearly emissions of your lifestyle (+10 t CO2/year).

 

References:

(1)
Teague WR. FORAGES AND PASTURES SYMPOSIUM: COVER CROPS IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: WHOLE-SYSTEM APPROACH: Managing grazing to restore soil health and farm livelihoods1. Journal of Animal Science. February 2018:1519-1530. doi:10.1093/jas/skx060
(2)
Audsley E. An assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from the UK food system and the scope for reduction by 2050: how low can we go. Godalming, UK: WWF UK and Food Climate Research Network. 2010.

The amount of feed and fertilizers per 1 beef animal

As a calf, it is fed 100 kg of feed in a creep feeder:
60 kg barley
14 kg soya
23.5 kg sugar beet

growing steer (for 100 days) ratio:
350 kg barley
30 kg rapeseed

finishing steer (for 80 days)
600 kg barley

TOTAL feed per steer:
1010 kg barley
30 kg rapeseed
14 kg soya
23.5 kg sugar beet

Source: AHDB

Pesticide figure based on yearly application of pesticides on barley in 2018 (based on application to 0.17 ha that would produce 1 tonne of barley):

spring and winter barley were mixed in equal ratio for simplicity.
Pesticides in spring barley:
157.5 g
Pesticides in winter barley:
307.5 g

TOTAL 465 g of pesticides = to litres it is about 465 ml of pesticides per year.

Source: Pesticides usage survey 284 for arable crops in the United Kingdom 2018 (National Statistics)

Fertilizer figure (based on application to 0.17 ha that would produce 1 tonne of barley):
nitrogen: 24.14 kg
phosphate: 4.59 kg
potash: 5.95 kg
sulfur: 5.95 kg


TOTAL 40.63 kg of fertilizers

Source: British survey of fertilizer practice for 2018 (DEFRA)